Privately owned land:
Land whose ownership is registered in the name of a private person or company.
Construction percentages:
The accepted way in the plan for calculating building rights which the plan grants to a unit area/lot. For example, on a 1,000 square meter lot, it is allowed to build on 150% of the lot area, so the building rights on the lot are 1,500 square meters in total.
State -owned land:
Land owned by the State of Israel or an Jewish National Fund (JNF). A person who acquires rights in these lands receives a leasehold right in the land, constituting a tenancy of the land for a defined period according to the land contract agreement. Unlike private land, investing in state-owned land is not recommended, as upon the land’s expropriation, the land’s resident will be compensated by the state or .the Jewish National Fund (JNF) for a sum of tens of thousands of shekels as compensation
Landowner:
Someone who owns at least 75% is defined as a landowner, and according to the provisions of the Planning and Building Law, is authorized to submit a detailed plan (Urban building plan) for that land. In addition, public bodies mentioned in Section 61a of the Planning and Building Law are also authorized to submit a plan for the land.
Terraced Construction:
Land planned to include development sites on which it will be possible to construct a building over two stories including more than three housing units per building, for example: sites intended for cooperative housing, high-rise buildings, residential towers, etc.
Lot:
system of registration and organization of land rights in the State of Israel, based on the division of state land into lots, each assigned a unique number. A lot consists of several parcels.
Regional Outline Plan:
The purpose of a Regional Outline Plan is to establish the necessary provisions for implementing a master plan within a specific region, addressing issues of regional significance. The plan sets regulations and specifications, with the specifications designating general land uses. This type of plan is crucial for investors in land, as it outlines a general and future-oriented policy for the region. In accordance with its provisions, it is possible to ascertain with high certainty which land is designated for development and which will remain unchanged. In Israel, there are six Regional Outline Plans for each district (Northern District, Haifa District, Central District, Tel Aviv District, Jerusalem District, and Southern District).
Local Outline Plan:
A plan that applies to a defined land area within the planning jurisdiction of a local committee. The plan establishes provisions for land development, permissible land uses, designates land uses in specific areas, and sets regulations for construction, land use, building lines, construction rights, and similar matters.
Consolidation and Division Plan:
A local outline plan that specifies specific construction provisions for a particular land area. The plan also includes a consolidation and division table conducted by a Land Appraiser. Within this table, rights to the newly created plots, either as part of the current plan or a previous one, are allocated to the existing rights holders within the plan’s jurisdiction. The allocation of rights is based on the proportional share of the rights held by the rights holder in the area before the plan’s approval.
National Master Plan 35:
This plan applies to the entire country and establishes the national planning policy, outlining the distribution of settlements and their scope until the year 2020. The goal of the plan is to address the construction and development needs of the country while preserving open spaces and the land’s future for future generations
Plan Deposit:
A crucial and essential stage in the approval process of a plan, during which the plan is presented to the public. The public has the opportunity to submit objections to the plan or specific provisions within it. According to the provisions of the Planning and Building Law, the plan deposit must be published for the public. The duration of the deposit period is 60 days, during which objections can be submitted to the planning committee authorized to approve the plan.
Comprehensive Master Plan:
A plan that generally applies to the planning area of a specific local committee and defines the comprehensive planning policy of that committee. It essentially serves as the basis for the preparation of detailed plans. In most cases, a building permit cannot be issued that contradicts the provisions of an active Comprehensive Master Plan.
Right to Housing Unit:
A term that is more marketing-oriented than planning-oriented, essentially defining the required area needed to obtain rights for the construction of one housing unit when a simplified land development plan is approved. For example, in an area with a preliminary outline plan that plans to build 5 housing units on agricultural land, according to the land, the right to a housing unit would effectively be 200 square meters of land (1000 square meters divided by five housing units).
National Planning and Building Committee:
The supreme planning institution operating in the country, Members of the committee include representatives from the government, local authorities, and individuals in public positions. The national committee is authorized to approve regional outline plans or national outline plans.
Regional Planning and Building Committee:
A planning institution responsible for a specific district among the six planning districts in the country (Northern, Haifa, Central, Tel Aviv, Jerusalem, and Southern). The majority of outline plans, both detailed and comprehensive, are approved by the regional committee.
Local Planning and Building Committee:
An institutional planning body operating within the framework of the local or municipal authority, consisting of members who are either council members or municipal representatives. The local committee has the authority to approve detailed plans and plans for specific localities defined by law. Additionally, the local committee is authorized to issue building permits.
Land Designation:
The designated purpose for a specific piece of land as defined in an urban building plan. For example: employment, industry, residential, commercial, agriculture, and the like.
Tabu Document:
A formal document issued by the Ministry of Justice detailing the status of property rights in a specific parcel. The document includes information about the parcel’s area, rights holders, the extent of their rights on the land, mortgages, encumbrances, various cautionary notes, and more. A Tabu document can be obtained through the Ministry of Justice’s website at: https://www.gov.il/he/service/land_registration_extract
Blue Line:
A blue-colored line appearing on the plan of any project that effectively delineates the boundaries of the plan.
Primary Area:
The construction area designated for the main purpose for which a lot/building is intended. For example, in a commercial lot, the primary area is the built-up space actually used for commercial activities.
Service Area:
Built-up space intended to support the main area within a structure. For example, in a residential lot, areas such as stairwells, storage rooms, parking spaces, and even utility rooms and shelters are defined as service areas.
Appreciation Levy:
A tax imposed by the local planning and building committee for the increase in the land value resulting from the approval of a detailed development plan. The appreciation levy is calculated at a rate of 50% of the increase in the land value as a result of the plan’s approval. The levy amount is calculated as of the date of the plan’s approval, and the payment is made at the time of the sale of the land rights or the issuance of a permit that realizes those rights. The levy amount is tied to the date of the plan’s approval until the day the rights are realized (whether through sale or permit issuance).
Yellow Land:
A term referring to land defined in the regional outline plan as urban development land intended for residential construction. Yellow land is characterized by relatively high potential for development and is subject to possible rezoning or change of designation for residential use.
Joint Ownership:
Land owned jointly by several owners, with each owner having an undivided share in the land proportional to the total area of the plot.
Purchase Tax:
A tax imposed on anyone acquiring land rights. The tax is calculated at a rate of 6% of the land value and is levied on the purchaser.
Appreciation Tax:
A tax imposed on the seller of land at the time of its sale. The tax is calculated as the difference between the selling price and the original purchase value. The standard rate for the appreciation tax is 25%. However, the appreciation tax includes variables and numerous provisions. Therefore, it is advisable to consult with a real estate attorney or a consultant specialized in land taxation before selling the property in order to calculate the appreciation tax accurately.
Dedication for Public Purposes:
During the conversion of agricultural land, a portion of the original plot area is transferred to the local authority for various public uses such as roads, public buildings, open public spaces, public parks, etc.